Farmers' Rights
Farmers' Rights, as endorsed by FAO in 1989, recognize that farmers and rural communities have contributed greatly - and continue to contribute - to the creation, conservation, exchange and enhancement of genetic resources, and that they should be recognized and strengthened in their work. In 1996, Via Campesina argued for Farmers’ Rights in the following way:
1. Farmers' Rights have a deep historic character, have existed since humans created agriculture to serve their necessities, have remained vital through our conservation of biodiversity, and we endorse them with our constant generation of new resources and their improvement. We are the guardians of these genetic resources, which support the evolution of species. We are the inheritors of the skills and knowledge of the generations that have created this biological wealth, and for this we only ask that you recognize our Rights.
2. Farmers' Rights include the right over resources and associated knowledge, united indivisibly, and mean the acceptance of traditional knowledge, respect for cultures and recognition that these are the basis of the creation of knowledge.
3. The right to control, the right to decide the future of genetic resources, the rights to define the legal framework of property rights of these resources.
4 .Farmers' Rights are of an eminently collective nature and for this reason should be recognized in a different framework from that of private property.
5. These rights should have a national application, and the Undertaking should promote legislation to this effect, respecting the sovereignty of each country, to establish local laws based on these principles.
6. Rights to the means to conserve biodiversity and achieve food security, such as territorial rights, right to land, right to water and air.
7. The right to participate in the definition, elaboration, and execution of policies and programmes linked to genetic resources.
8. The right to appropriate technology as well as participation in the design and management of research programmes.
9. The right to define the control and handling of benefits derived from the use, conservation and management of these resources.
10. The right to use, choose, store and freely exchange genetic resources.
11. The right to develop models of sustainable agriculture that protect biodiversity and to influence the policies that support it.
